Estuaries are among the most productive of ecosystems as a consequence of the relative abundance of water, and the continuous replenishment of nutrients. This high productivity supports a unique specialized plant flora, and an equally unique fauna of invertebrates and both resident and migrant birds. Figures are supplied of Audubon Society counts made on upper Newport Bay in Southern California illustrating the remarkable richness of these estuarine bird populations. Various developments of upper Newport Bay are described, and similar estuaries between Los Angeles and the Mexican border discussed. It is recommended that conservation efforts be concentrated on preserving certain of the still largely undeveloped estuarine areas in this region.
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