Man has been instrumental in greatly modifying the biotic component of terrestrial ecosystems on Guam. The effects of such modifications on the terrestrial vertebrate fauna are discussed. Human activities and land-use patterns have resulted in the following types of modifications: the introduction of new species, the extirpation of four native species, the endangering of 12 species, and the loss of considerable amount of habitat. The effects of past land and water management decisions on wildlife are examined and the potential effects of such future decisions are explored. Several types of activities have impacted on wildlife. The modification of wildlife habitat has resulted from agricultural and urban developments and additional stress has been placed on the terrestrial ecosystems by pesticides, military activities, and consumption. To offset future losses, the Government of Guam has developed a land-use plan for the years 1977-2000, designating certain areas as "unique terrestrial ecosystems" and recommending strict control of permissible uses. In addition, four conservation areas have been established to preserve wildlife habitat. On the federal level, the Air Force has established a 372 hectare (ha) preserve of limestone forest on the northeast coast of Guam. The Department of the Interior is currently reviewing critical habitat recommendations for 12 proposed endangered species. Much of this habitat is on military or government lands and when final designations are made, future developments in critical habitats will be reviewed for their potential effects on wildlife.
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