| Eurasian collared-dove (Streptopelia decaocto), a non-native columbid, has established populations throughout the United States since it was introduced in Florida in the 1980s. Pigeon paramyxovirus-1 (PPMV1) first emerged in collared-doves in Florida in 2001, causing mass mortality of collared-doves. Since 2009, similar outbreaks (sometimes also affecting native doves) were reported in eight states. In 2014, mortality events involving collared-doves were reported in Riverside County, California. Affected doves displayed neurological symptoms. Post-mortem exams revealed encephalitis and renal necrosis. Pigeon paramyxovirus-1 was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequence analysis. Subsequent outbreaks have been confirmed in four and suspected in three counties during 2015 and 2016. Additionally, in 2016, PPMV1 was confirmed in non-native rock pigeons (Columba livia) in Sacramento County. In 2017, outbreaks in collared-doves were confirmed in seven and suspected in three counties, reaching northern California. Dead native mourning doves (Zenaida macroura) were reported at two locations. PPMV1 was not detected by PCR in one mourning dove, and the cause of death remains undetermined. While collared-dove and rock pigeon populations are not expected to be impacted by these diseases, they may pose a threat to declining populations of native columbids. We recommend monitoring native and non-native columbids for PPMV1 and other pathogens. |