| Habitat corridors have been a solution for sustaining wildlife in fragmented landscapes for more than 40 years and are now often suggested as a climate adaptation strategy. However, due to the inherent complexity of connectivity conservation, implementing connectivity through on-the-ground action is often difficult. We reviewed the literature and conducted a workshop and interviews with conservation professionals throughout California to explore the challenges and opportunities encountered during connectivity project implementation. Challenges practitioners face included a lack of data for locating the best corridor sites, short project time-lines, and a lack of regulations requiring the protection of habitat connectivity. We found evidence that challenges can be overcome in part through a common vision and effective communication, close collaboration with scientists, and public enthusiasm for the project. While connectivity models can be difficult to communicate, animal movement paths are intuitive and therefore effective for eliciting stakeholder participation. Addressing climate adaptation requires a larger landscape approach and new policy instruments to facilitate long-term species range shifts. We discuss necessary improvements to climate-wise connectivity planning as part of a framework outlining the key elements to successful on-the-ground connectivity implementation to guide corridor conservation projects. |